Uninzi lwabalimi bayazi ukuba ukongeza isichumisi kwenza ukuba izityalo zibe sempilweni. Kodwa ngeentlobo ezininzi ezikhoyo, akusoloko kulula ukumisela ukuba yeyiphi inketho eya kubonelela ngezona zibonelelo zinkulu. Imiba efana nodidi lomhlaba, ixesha lonyaka, kunye nendlela yokuhanjiswa kwempahla zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuchumisa isitiya esisebenzayo, kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokunjalo.
Undoqo kukuba, isityalo ngasinye sifuna izondlo ezithile eziyimfuneko ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa amandla okukhanya kwelanga kunye nomhlaba.
isixhobo esingenakoyiswa
Gqiba phakathi kwe-organic okanye inorganic
Izichumisi zinokuba zi-organic - zenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo ezifana nomgquba wemfuyo - okanye azikho, ziqulethe uluhlu lweekhemikhali ezenziweyo. Izichumisi ze-inorganic zinomlinganiselo othe ngqo wezondlo kunye nokugxilwa okuphezulu kwenitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium (i-NPK), ebonelela ngokukhawuleza kwiigadi. Nangona kunjalo, baswele ngaphezu kweshumi elinesibini le-macronutrients efunekayo ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo.
Izichumisi ze-Organic zinexabiso eliphantsi le-NPK, kodwa ziqulethe i-macronutrients ebalulekileyo engekho kwiifomyula ze-inorganic. Izinto eziphilayo nazo zinethuba elisezantsi leempembelelo ezimbi zokusingqongileyo.
Khetha izichumisi zegranular okanye ezinyibilikayo emanzini
Izichumisi ezinyibilikayo emanzini zifumaneka kwifom ekhazimlisiweyo enyityilikiswa emanzini, okanye iza ngendlela engamanzi efuna ukuhlanjululwa ngakumbi ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo. Zikulungele ukuqala kunye naphakathi kwesizini yokuchumisa.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhutshwa okucothayo kwezondlo emhlabeni, izichumisi zegranular zibonelela ngaloo nzuzo. Umvelisi uqabe igranule nganye ukuze ikhuphe izondlo zayo kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Olu hlobo ludla ngokubiza imali encinci, kodwa ityuwa ephezulu inokutshisa iingcambu.
Kelp
I-Kelp luhlobo lwezityalo zaselwandle, kwaye sisichumisi esisebenzayo nesisebenzayo. Abagadi begadi bayisebenzisa njengomthombo wokulandela iiminerali ngenxa yomlinganiselo ophantsi we-NPK. Ifumaneka kwisidlo, umgubo, kunye nefom ye-liquid, kodwa isidlo sithandwa phakathi kwabathandi begadi.
Ukuchumisa nge-kelp meal, yisasaze kwisiseko sezityalo, izihlahla kunye neentyatyambo. Ungasebenza ngokuthe ngqo emhlabeni njengendawo yokutyala.
Umgquba
Enye yezona ntlobo zidumileyo zezichumisi yi-compost, indibaniselwano ye-carbon-based matter efana namagqabi afileyo kunye neentonga, kunye ne-nitrogen-based based green matter efana nenkunkuma yasekhitshini okanye ingca yengca. Umgquba awuthinteli nje ukhukuliseko kwaye uphucule umgangatho womhlaba, kodwa wongeza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeeminerali kunye nezondlo kuwo kwaye wongeza ukhuseleko kwizifo kunye nohlaselo lwezinambuzane. Izityalo ezikhula kumhlaba ovundisiweyo ziyakwazi ukugcina umoya, ukufuma kunye nezondlo kwaye ngenxa yoko, ziba sempilweni.
Isidlo Samathambo
Abavelisi benza ukutya kwamathambo endalo kumathambo ezilwanyana agayiweyo aqale aphekwa ngomphunga okanye aphekwa, ngoko ayilokhetho olufanelekileyo kwiigadi eziphefumlelweyo ze-vegan.
Ngenxa yobuninzi bekhalsiyam kunye ne-phosphorus, nangona kunjalo, ukutya kwamathambo yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yomhlaba kwaye yondla iintsholongwane emhlabeni. Ikhupha izondlo kancinci kancinci, iyenza ibe lukhetho olukhulu kubalimi abafuna isichumisi sexesha elide. Ukutya kwamathambo akusebenzi kuwo onke amanqanaba e-pH yomhlaba, ngakumbi lawo ane-alkalinity ephezulu. Enye intsilelo kukuba inokutsala izilwanyana zasekhaya njengezinja.
I-emulsion yeentlanzi
Ubumnene, i-organic, kunye ne-fast-acting, i-fish emulsion fertilizer ityebile kwi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium. Ioyile yeentlanzi kunye namashishini okutya entlanzi adala ukugxila okutyebileyo kwiimveliso zawo. Abalimi abenza i-compost yabo banokuyongeza kumxube wokwandisa umxholo wezondlo. I-emulsion yeentlanzi iyasebenza ngokukodwa kwimifuno eluhlaza eluhlaza okanye ukunika ingca yakho ukunyusa okunempilo. Abalimi abanomhlaba onamanqanaba aphezulu e-nitrogen kufuneka banciphise ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwesi sichumisi ukuthintela ukutsha kwenitrogen.
Izondlo eziphambili: I-nitrogen
Enye yezinto ezintathu eziphambili zemacronutrients emhlabeni obalulekileyo ekukhuleni okunempilo, initrogen inceda ukuveliswa kwechlorophyll, eyenza ukuba izityalo ziguqule ukukhanya kwelanga kube kukutya. Izityalo azikwazi ukuthatha i-nitrogen ngokuthe ngqo kwi-atmosfera, ngoko isabelana nezinye iikhompawundi ezifana ne-ammonia, i-nitric acid, i-cyanide, kunye ne-organic nitrate ukwenza iikhompawundi ezongezelelweyo ezizodwa ezinokuthi.
Ubomi besityalo bubonke buxhomekeke kwinitrogen ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zayo zokukhula kwebhayoloji.
Izondlo eziphambili: iPhosphorus
Le macronutrient idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni isityalo kwaye ibalulekile kuphuhliso lweengcambu ezisempilweni, ukumila kwesiqu, ukuveliswa kweentyatyambo kunye nokukhula kweziqhamo. Ukuba amanqanaba e-phosphorus aphezulu kakhulu, anokuthintela ukukhula kweengcambu. I-phosphorus encinci kakhulu ikhokelela ekuweni kwamagqabi kunye nezikhondo zeentyatyambo ezibuthathaka.
Ukuba uneentyantyambo zeentyantyambo ezinamahlumelo avelayo kodwa angavuleki, izityalo zakho zinokufuna i-phosphorus eyongezelelweyo. Izityalo ezingaqhumiyo azifuni phosphorus eyongezelelweyo.
Izondlo eziphambili: iPotassium
Isityalo sonke sisebenzisa i-potassium. Ngelixa abaphandi beyazi imiphumo ye-potassium kwisityalo, abaqinisekanga ukuba kutheni isebenza okanye ifumaneka njani. I-Potassium yenza kube lula ukuba isityalo soyise izifo, sixhathise umonakalo wezinambuzane, okanye simelane neemeko zemozulu ezimbi.
Ukuba ubona imida yamagqabi esityalo okanye imithambo ijika ibe tyheli okanye ibe mdaka, okanye siphuhla izikhondo zeentyatyambo ezibuthathaka kunye namathupha amancinci, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sinengxaki yokunqongophala kwe potassium.
Ezinye izondlo kwizichumisi
Ngelixa i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium (NPK) zezona macronutrients ezifunwa zizityalo, ezinye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yezityalo.
- I-calcium: Iseka iindonga zeeseli ezinempilo, igcina isityalo sithe tye, kwaye ihambisa iiminerali.
- I-Boron: Ukunqongophala kuthintela ukukhula kweentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo kwaye kukhokelela ekunciphiseni isivuno sezityalo. Ityhefu kwizityalo kwiindawo ezinzima.
- IMagnesium: Ifunxwa ngeengcambu kwaye yenza ukuba iphotosynthesis ibe nokwenzeka.
- Intsimbi: Iyafuneka ukuvelisa iklorofili kunye nokuthutha ioksijini ngesityalo.
- Isulfure: Inceda ukwenza i-enzymes ezibalulekileyo kunye neeprotheni zezityalo.
- I-Zinc: Inceda kwimveliso yeklorofili.
- Ubhedu: Ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwesityalo esisempilweni.
- I-Manganese: I-Aids ekukhuleni, ukubunjwa kwe-chloroplast, i-nitrogen metabolism, i-photosynthesis, kunye ne-enzyme synthesis.