Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwaqala ngokuwa kwemarike yemasheya ngo-1929 kwaye yaphela ngexesha uMongameli uFranklin D. Roosevelt wabhengeza ukuba i-US yayikulwa ngokusesikweni neJapan ngo-1942. luthintele ukuDodobala Okukhulu? Abanye bathi ukungasebenzi kukaMongameli uHerbert Hoover kulandela uqikelelo oluxhaphakileyo kwimarike yemasheya, ukungahoywa kweemeko zembalela ezizayo kuMbindi-ntshona, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuzahlula eyamkelwa ngumanduleli kaHoover uCalvin Coolidge ibe negalelo kule meko, ekugqibeleni yaba mandundu kwaye yandisa uxinezeleko.
gta 5 cheats ps4 helicopter
Ukonakala kweMarike yeStock ka-1929
Ukuthengisa ngokugqithisileyo, ukuxatyiswa kakhulu, kunye nemarike yemasheya ethengwe ngokugqithisileyo, idityaniswa nokungalingani konikezelo kunye nemfuno, ikhokelele kuLwesibini oMnyama, imini eyawa ngayo imakethi. Ukuwa phantse i-25% ngeentsuku nje ezimbini, imarike yemasheya ekugqibeleni yaphuma ngo-1932, xa iDow yayihleli kwi-paltry 41.22. Kuya kuthatha iinkqubo ze-FDR's New Deal kunye nokubandakanyeka kweMelika kwi-WWII ukukhupha i-US kwi-Great Depression, uchungechunge lweziganeko ezithatha ngaphezu kweshumi leminyaka.
Naypong / Getty Imifanekiso
Yintoni eyabangela ukuba iMarike Itshatyalaliswe ngowe-1929?
Ukukhula koqoqosho olukhawulezileyo ngeminyaka yee-1920s kwadala imeko apho ukuqikelelwa kwimarike yemasheya yayiyinto yokuzonwabisa kubantu abaninzi abakudidi oluphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthenga isitokhwe kumda (ukuhlawula nje ipesenti yexabiso kodwa ukuboleka intsalela kwi-broker okanye ebhankini) kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Iimveliso ezigqithisileyo zifike kwimarike ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-'20s. Ukunyanzelwa ukuba uthengise okanye ulahle iimveliso ngenxa yelahleko enkulu, amaxabiso ezabelo ehle ngokukhawuleza. Ngezigidi zezabelo ezithengwe emdeni kwaye kungekho mali ikhoyo ikhoyo, ukubhangiswa kweepotfoliyo kunyanzelise ukuhla kwemarike yemasheya.
jokerpro / Getty Imifanekiso
Ngokukhawuleza emva kweNtlekele ye-Stock Market
Ngo-Oktobha 29, 1929 (ngoLwesibini omnyama), imarike yemasheya yawa. Kwisithuba nje seminyaka emithathu, isitokhwe sasixabisa ama-20 ekhulwini kuphela amaxabiso azo aqhubeka ngowe-1929. Phantse ama-50 ekhulwini azo zonke iibhanki zaseUnited States zavalwa ngowe-1933, yaye abantu abangaphezu kwe-15 lezigidi abazange bafumane imisebenzi. Akukho mthetho wezibonelelo zokungaphangeli ukhoyo. Iiflophouses, iikhitshi zesuphu, kunye nemigca yesonka ziye zavela njengoko abantu baxhomekeke kwiicawe, iSalvation Army, kunye neminye imibutho yabucala ukuba ibonelele ngokutya kunye nekhusi okwethutyana.
Imifanekiso yeDNY59 / Getty
Impembelelo yoxinzelelo lwase-US eJamani ngeminyaka yoo-1930
Ababhali-mbali abaninzi bakhomba ukuDodobala okuKhulu kunye nefuthe elimangalisayo elibe nalo kuqoqosho lwaseJamani njengokuvula indlela yokuba uAdolph Hitler athathe ulawulo phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1930. Ebesele engumntu othanda ukucalula kwezopolitiko zaseJamani, uHitler waligxeka izinga lentswela-ngqesho lama-30 ekhulwini eJamani waza walibeka ityala kwiSocial Democratic Party ekhoyo. Nangona uHitler waphulukana nolonyulo lukamongameli ngo-1932, wavelisa uninzi lwabalandeli beReichstag ngokukhawuleza emva konyulo. Waba nguzwilakhe ngokusemthethweni waseJamani ngowe-1935.
Iifoto.com / Getty Imifanekiso
Unyulo lweFDR ngowe-1933
Yasungulwa ngoJanuwari 1933, uFranklin Delano Roosevelt waqalisa iinkqubo zeSivumelwano Esitsha esijoliswe ekuvuseleleni imfuno yemveliso, ukunika umsebenzi kubantu abangaphangeliyo, nokwandisa inkcitho karhulumente, konke oko ngenjongo yokukhuthaza uqoqosho nokuseka iinguqulelo zemali. I-Emergency Banking Act ivumele ukuvulwa kweebhanki ezizinzileyo eziphantsi kweliso leSebe likaNondyebo. I-FDR yenza ukuba kufumaneke imali-mboleko yomanyano apho kuyimfuneko, ngokunjalo. I-Securities Act ye-1933 kunye ne-Securities Exchange Act ye-1934 (eyathi ekugqibeleni i-morphed kwi-US Securities and Exchange Commission) yenzelwe ukunceda ukukhusela enye i-stock market crash.
risamay / Getty Imifanekiso
Imbalela emandla kumaThafa amakhulu -- iDust Bowl
Iminyaka emininzi yokhukuliseko lomoya kunye nokulima ngokugqithisileyo (ukulima nzulu komhlaba ongaphezulu), okulandelwa yimbalela emandla, kwabangela ukuba iindawo ezinkulu zamaThafa Amakhulu zijike zibe ziintlango zothuli zokwenene. Imimoya ebhudla ngamandla yavuthuza kulo mmandla, idala amafu amakhulu amnyama othuli awayethi maxa wambi afikelele eWashington D.C. nakwiSixeko saseNew York. Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kunye nembalela kuchaphazele ngaphezu kwe-100 lezigidi zeehektare zomhlaba apho ingqolowa kunye nombona kwakha kwakhula kakhulu. Ezona ndawo zinzima kakhulu yayiyi-Oklahoma kunye ne-Texas panhandles.
Imifanekiso yeBigRedCurlyGuy / Getty
Ukutshitshiswa koLungiso lwama-21
Ukunceda ukuvuselela uqoqosho, i-FDR yaphelisa i-21st Amendment okanye i-Prohibition ngo-1933, yenza utywala ngokusemthethweni kwakhona. Eyenziwe ngo-1920 nguMongameli uWarren Harding, i-21st Amendment yayijongene ngqo nokunyuka kwemisebenzi yeqela lemigulukudu kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho, ngakumbi eChicago nakwiSixeko saseNew York. Ngapha koko, 'i-mobsters' kwishishini le-bootlegging lalilawula uninzi lorhulumente wesixeko saseChicago de kwasekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1930. Abavelisi botywala baphinda bavula ngo-1934 kuluntu olulangazelela ukuntywilisela usizi lwalo kwibhotile esemthethweni yotywala.
Imifanekiso yeSavushkin / Getty
FDR kaThixo Fireside Iincoko
Roosevelt ubuyisele intembeko yoluntu kunye nokuzithemba kurhulumente ngokuthetha ngqo nabemi base-US kunomathotholo. Ezi 'Ncoko zoMlilo' zikhule ngokugqithisileyo zithandwa ngabaphulaphuli bexesha loxinzelelo ababanjwe kukungaqiniseki, ukungazinzi kwezimali, kunye noloyiko lwekamva. Uphinde wanyulwa ngo-1936, 1940 kunye no-1944, i-FDR nguMongameli wokuqala kunye nokuphela koMongameli ukuba akhonze amaxesha amane njengePOTUS. Kwakhona wakhokela i-US ngaphandle komgaqo-nkqubo wokuzihlukanisa ukuya ekuphumeleleni okumangalisayo kweJamani, i-Italiya, kunye namanye amahlakani ngexesha le-WWII kwaye yaseka umbutho woxolo owathi kamva waba yiZizwe eziManyeneyo. Roosevelt wafa ngoxa eseofisini, ngoAprili 1945.
fstop123 / Getty Imifanekiso
Isivumelwano esitsha se-FDR
UMongameli Roosevelt mhlawumbi waziwa kakhulu ngokudala iiprogram zeNew Deal, ezifana ne-Social Security Administration, i-Civil Works Administration, kunye ne-Civilian Conservation Corps, zonke iinkqubo zokubonelela ngemisebenzi kunye nemali kubantu abadala kakhulu ukuba basebenze. ICongress yapasisa ezinye iinkqubo zeDibaniso eNtsha ngelixa ezinye zidlula kumyalelo wesigqeba. Iingcali zembali zicebisa ukuba ngaphandle kwephakheji yeNew Deal kaRoosevelt, ukungaqeshwa kusenokuba kufikelele kuma-30 ekhulwini phakathi ko-1932 no-1935.
mtreasure / Getty Imifanekiso
IJapan ihlasela iU.S.
Ukuqonda indlela ukungena kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini kwanceda i-US ukuba izibambe ngaphandle koxinzelelo olukhulu lubandakanya imigaqo yokufunda yezoqoqosho zaseKeynesian. Ingcali yezoQoqosho uJohn Maynard Keynes ubanga ukuba uqoqosho oludakumbileyo luyabuyela xa imfuno yeenkonzo kunye nempahla isanda. Ekubeni ufuna abantu bokwenza iimveliso okanye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo, amazinga engqesho ayenyuka ngokwemvelo, kwaye abasebenzi baphinda banemali yokuyisebenzisa. Ukuqala kokubandakanyeka kwe-U.S. kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, phakathi kowe-1941 nowe-1943 izinto ezithengwa ngurhulumente kubavelisi zaphindaphindeka kane. Oku kongeze imfuno enkulu kuqoqosho lwaseMelika.
traveler1116 / Getty Images