Intyatyambo ye-heliotropic elandela ukuhamba kwelanga, i-sunflowers iyisimboli sesibindi kwiinkcubeko ezininzi. Inzalelwane yaseMntla Merika, ezi ntyatyambo ziqaqambileyo zikhule ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-4,500.
Ngokwemveli, izizwe zomthonyama zisebenzisa yonke indawo yesityalo. Batya imbewu, basebenzisa iintyatyambo njengeoli yokuphilisa, kwaye benza iimpahla ngedayi yamagqabi.
Ukutyala oojongilanga bakho
Oojongilanga bakhula kakuhle ukuba bahlwayelwe ngqo emhlabeni, ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. Izityalo zihluma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kwaye uya kufuna ukuyeka ukutyala de iqabaka idlule, okanye xa umhlaba ufikelele kumaqondo obushushu angama-50 ° F.
Ekubeni imbewu ye-sunflower ayikhethi, yonke into oyifunayo ngumhlaba ococekileyo. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono, jonga indawo engathathi hlangothi ukuya kwindawo ene-alkaline encinci ene-pH ye-6.0 ukuya kwi-7.5, kwaye ubukele iintyatyambo zikhula kakuhle. Xa sele utyaliwe, imbewu yakho iya kufuna umhlaba otyebileyo ngezondlo ozaliswe ngumgquba, isichumiso segranular, okanye izinto eziphilayo.
Iimfuno zesithuba koojongilanga
Izityalo ezikhulayo zidinga indawo ukuze zolule, ngoko ke umhlaba oxineneyo awufanelekanga. Oojongilanga bane taproots ezinde, ngoko ke nokuba uzikhulisela ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, tyala imbewu enye ukuya kwi-intshi eyi-1-½ ubunzulu kunye nobuncinci i-intshi ezintandathu ukuqelelana. Gcina ubude nobubanzi engqondweni kwakhona; ziyahluka ngokubanzi ngokohlobo, zifikelela kwii-intshi ezimbalwa ubude ukuya kwiimitha ezimbalwa.
Iimfuno zokukhanya kwelanga
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ngojongilanga kukuba banokukhula nakweyiphi na imozulu. Ngaphandle kwendawo yokuqina, nayiphi na indawo engqongileyo eneentsuku ezinelanga kunye namaqondo obushushu afudumeleyo amkelekile; ixesha elide, ihlobo elishushu linika ixesha elifanelekileyo lokukhula.
Nje ukuba amaqondo obushushu asentwasahlobo aqalise ukufudumeza, jonga indawo eneeyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo phakathi kuka-Epreli kunye embindini kaJulayi. Abalimi kumazwe asezantsi kufuneka batyale ngaphambili, ukusuka phakathi kuMatshi ukuya ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli.
Iimfuno zokunkcenkceshela
Ukunkcenkceshela kusekelwe kwisantya sokukhula kwesityalo. Ngelixa izityalo zisencinci, qalisa ukunkcenkceshela imihla ngemihla - malunga neesentimitha ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukusuka kwisiqu, kufuphi nommandla weengcambu. Oku kunceda ukufuma ukufikelela kwiindawo ezinzulu zenkqubo yeengcambu, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwangethuba.
Emva kokuba i-sunflowers iqala ukukhula, unokunkcenkceshela ngaphantsi rhoqo, kodwa uya kufuna iilitha ezininzi ukuze wenze umsebenzi. Jonga kube kanye ngeveki njengoko iipetali zikhula.
Izinambuzane ezinokulimaza oojongilanga
Oojongilanga batsala izinambuzane ezininzi, kodwa uninzi lwemiba ilula ngokwaneleyo ukuyilungisa. Amanundu kunye neentshulube zinokukhasa kwiintyatyambo, kodwa ezi zilula ukuzikhetha. Iintaka, oonomatse kunye neempuku zithatha umdla kakhulu kwimbewu, ngoko unokufuna imiqobo okanye inethi ukuze uzigcine zingekho.
Izifo ezinokwenzeka
Izifo zefungal zezona ziyingozi kakhulu kwi-sunflowers, kodwa ziyanyangeka ukuba uyazi ukuba ukhangele ntoni. I-Alternaria leaf blight kunye ne-Phoma blight zibangela ukuba amagqabi abemdaka okanye abe mnyama anezilonda ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ekugqibeleni zibulale izityalo. Ezi zifo zikhula kakuhle kwimozulu eshushu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kunye neemvula ezihlala rhoqo, kwaye zinokuthwalwa ngokhula okanye imbewu eyosulelekileyo. I-Downy kunye ne-powdy mildew ikhula kakuhle kwiimeko ezomileyo nezifumileyo, ivelisa ukukhula kwe-cottony kunye namabala omgubo, ngokulandelelana.
Thatha inyathelo lokuqala ngokutshiza imbewu ngesibulali ntsholongwane sokungunda phambi kokutyala. Ukuba kukho umba owenzekayo, gcina umngundo uphantsi kolawulo ngokuthena amagqabi awosulele kwaye utshize intsalela ngesibulali-zinambuzane samagqabi. Gcina isithuba esaneleyo ukunyusa ukujikeleza komoya, ukutshabalalisa nayiphi na inkunkuma emva kokuvuna, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba oojongilanga bahlala ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Inkathalo ekhethekileyo
Nciphisa izityalo zakho rhoqo kwiiveki ezintandathu, kwaye uya kufumana iintyatyambo ezininzi ngexesha lonke lonyaka. Kuphephe ukugqithisela isichumiso, kwaye ugcine isichumisi kude nesiseko sesityalo. I-overfeeding ibangela umva wento efunwa ngabalimi; zenza buthathaka izikhondo, ngoko ke ziye ziqhawuke xa ezi ntyatyambo ziphakamileyo nezinobunzima obuphezulu zifikelele ekukhuleni okupheleleyo. Gcina iintlobo ezinde zomelele ngokubeka izixhaso ngasemva kwesiqu ngasinye.
Ukusasaza oojongilanga bakho
Ulungele omnye umjikelo wokutyala? Ukusasaza oojongilanga kwibhetshi yakho yokugqibela usebenzisa ukusika. Jonga i-intshi ye-intshi ezintandathu kunye namagqabi aqolileyo, kodwa akukho buds okanye iintyatyambo - oku kwandisa i-rooting ngaphandle kokufuna amahomoni. Sika isityalo ngokuthe ngqo apho sinamathele khona kwisiqu esikhulu, uze usike i-1/2 intshi ephezulu kwaye ususe amagqabi aphantsi, uveze iingcambu ezivelisa iingcambu.
Tyala kwisiqingatha sesanti, isiqingatha se-peat moss umxube, ugcine indawo engenamagqabi ngaphantsi komxube, kwaye uqhubele phambili kwinkqubo yokukhula njengesiqhelo.
iinwele ezineentsimbi zesiDatshi
Ukuvuna oojongilanga bakho
Ngaba ulungele imbewu kajongilanga? Yomisa iintyatyambo de iintloko zibe mdaka; imbewu iya kubonakala ityebile kwaye ikhululekile, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyiqokelela. Xa ukomisa kugqityiwe, nqumla intloko yesityalo, ubambe imbewu ekhululekile njengoko iwa. Beka intloko kwindawo ethe tyaba kwaye uhlikihle indawo enembewu, utsale imbewu evuthulukileyo njengoko uhamba.
Ukuba ukhetha, gcoba intloko kajongilanga kwibhodi yokuhlamba kwaye uqokelele imbewu ngaloo ndlela.
Iindidi zikajongilanga
I-mammoth sunflowers yintlobo ethandwa kakhulu, ikhula ibe yi-12 ubude ubude kunye nembewu eninzi kunye namaqabunga afikelela ngaphezu kwe-intshi ezili-14. Isigebenga saseMelika sinokukhula nangaphezulu, sizulazula ukuya kutsho ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-15 ngonyawo olupheleleyo lwendawo yembewu. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-sunflowers ye-Teddy Berry ifikelela kuphela iinyawo ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezineentyantyambo zee-intshi ezintlanu. Umdlali ophakathi, i-Sunrich Gold iyintandokazi kwiintyatyambo, ezikhula ukuya kwiinyawo ezintlanu, ngokomndilili, kunye neentyatyambo ezine-intshi ezintandathu.
Iindidi ezinemibala ziquka iTerracotta, Eartha, ezinombala omdaka, obomvu, nogolide, uNks. Mars, nomfusa embindini kunye notyheli emacaleni, iMoulin Rouge, eneentyantyambo ezibomvu ezingqindilili, kunye neChianti, enamagqabi atyebileyo, anombala wewayini.