Nguwuphi Umbala Igazi?

Zininzi iingcamango eziphosakeleyo xa kuziwa kumbala wegazi. Uninzi lwazo lude luvakale ngokwenzululwazi kangangokuba sonke kufuneka sixolelwe ngokuphazama kwethu. Cinga ngezinye zezinto ozivileyo ngegazi ebomini bakho. Njengenyaniso yokuba igazi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye mfusa xa lingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho okanye umbala walo uvela kwintsimbi kunye nehemoglobin. Kodwa yintoni inyaniso? Nguwuphi umbala wegazi? Kutheni ingumbala wayo? Kuthekani ukuba kutheni ibonakala ihlukile xa ingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kunokuba udle idolo lakho?

Ngaba Igazi Libomvu?

Ewe. Ngalo lonke ixesha. Igazi lihlala libomvu. Ibomvu xa ingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, ihamba ngemithambo yakho, kwaye ibomvu xa ifika kumphezulu, nayo. Kukho nomthunzi obomvu othiywe ngalo, igazi libomvu! Ngesizathu esithile, uninzi lwethu luvile ukuba igazi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa lingaphakathi emzimbeni. Iyavakala; imithambo yethu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, xa ufumana imithambo ye-varicose, ibonakala imfusa. Nangona umthunzi uya kutshintsha, igazi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, libomvu.

Ngaba Igazi eliBlue?

Hayi, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukubona ukuba le ntsomi ivela phi. Usenokuba uvile ukuba igazi elingaphakathi kuthi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa libuyela emiphungeni yethu kuba liswele ioksijini. Xa siswele ioksijini, imilebe yethu ijika ibe luhlaza, ngoko kutheni igazi lethu lingajiki libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nalo? Nangona igazi lijongeka liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eluswini lwethu, umbala oluhlaza yinkohliso nje ngenxa yendlela ukukhanya okubetha ngayo imithambo yethu.

ixesha le-3 le-yellowstone

Ukuba Igazi Libomvu, Kutheni Imithambo iBlue?

Imithambo eneneni ayikho luhlaza kwaphela. Yiloo nto ikhohlisayo ye-optical illusion iphinda idlale kwakhona. Imithambo ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye imfusa kuphela xa ibonwa eluswini. Xa ugqirha wotyando esika isigulana esivula ngexesha lotyando, baya kubona imithambo ebomvu ukuba igazi liyampompa kwaye libe ngwevu ukuba akunjalo. Kwaloo mithanjana yimithambo eluhlaza esiyibonayo xa sijonga ezihlahleni okanye ngasemva kwezandla zethu.

Kutheni Igazi Libomvu?

Bekuya kuba ngumnqa ukuba igazi lethu belityheli. Iingxelo ezifunyanwa ligazi ngumbala osuka kwihemoglobin zichanekile. IHemoglobin yi-iron equlethe iprotheyini, ehamba nomzimba kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi. Ihemoglobin inceda ukuthwala ioksijini kuwo wonke umzimba, iqinisekisa ukuba sifumana isixa esaneleyo ngalo lonke ixesha. Igazi lethu eneneni liqulethe izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezigcina imizimba yethu iqhubeka. Okokuqala, eyona nto inamandla kakhulu yiplasma. Isiyilelo-gazi sesona sixhobo siphambili segazi kodwa sinombala oguquguqukayo ngokweendawo eziyingqongileyo. Umbala obomvu uphuma kwi-hemoglobin kunye neeseli zegazi, kwiprotheyini ethi 'hemes' edibanisa nentsimbi. Ioksijini ke ibophelelana nentsimbi kwaye oko kusebenzisana koko kunika igazi umbala walo.

eyona ndawo ibandayo yokuhlala

Kutheni Igazi Libe Mnyama Maxa wambi?

Igazi linokutshintshana phakathi kwemibala ebomvu kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingakanani ioksijini elikuyo. Okukhona igazi lineoksijini, kokukhona libonakala libomvu ngokuqaqambileyo. Ngokuchasene noko, okukhona igazi lilamba ngakumbi, kokukhona libonakala limnyama. Xa uzisika, udla ngokubona igazi elimnyama. Eli ligazi le-venous kwaye linawona manqanaba asezantsi eoksijini. Kukho namaxesha apho igazi linokuba mnyama kangangokuba lijonge ngasemva. Njengemithambo, umthunzi udla ngokuxhomekeke ekukhanyeni.

Yintoni eneBlue Blood?

Nangona thina bantu singenalo igazi elizuba, kukho izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni ezinalo. Kukwakho nabanye abanegazi eliluhlaza okanye elinombala we-violet. Kodwa kutheni benegazi elinemibala eyahlukileyo kuthi? Izigcawu, iicrustaceans, kunye neskwidi zonke zinegazi elizuba. Apho sinehemoglobin, zinehemocyanin, enobhedu kunentsimbi. Ezinye iintshulube kunye ne-leeches zinegazi eliluhlaza kwaye igazi labo line-chlorocruorin. Okokugqibela, iintlobo ezine-violet okanye igazi elimfusa ziquka iintshulube zasemanzini ezifana ne-peanut worms kunye ne-brachiopods.

Sinegazi Elingakanani?

Kukho igazi elininzi emzimbeni womntu. Umntu omdala ophakathi unaphi na phakathi kwe-1.2 ukuya kwi-1.5 iilitha zegazi, kodwa umthamo uya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka okanye ubungakanani bomntu. Igazi likwathatha i-7-8% yobunzima bomzimba wethu bubonke, okuthetha ukuba ukuba besingenagazi, besiya kuba khaphukhaphu nge-10%. Kwelinye icala, nathi ngesingayi kuba saphila.

Ziziphi Iindidi Zegazi?

Uhlobo lwegazi luluhlu lwegazi lethu. Iindidi zichongwa kubukho bokungabikho kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-antigens ezibangela iimpendulo ze-immune. Ukuchwetheza igazi kuyafuneka kutofelo-gazi olukhuselekileyo, njengoko kukho iindidi zegazi ezingayi kudibana kakuhle namanye kunye nemizimba ethile engakwaziyo ukujongana neendidi ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iintlobo zegazi ezi-8 eziqhelekileyo: A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, AB- kunye neyona inqabileyo e-United States i-AB-negative. I-O-negative, kwelinye icala, yaziwa ngokuba 'ludidi lwegazi jikelele' kwaye ifuneka kakhulu kangangokuba izibhedlele kwihlabathi liphela zihlala zinqongophele.

ingwe ukumkani entolongweni

Ngaba Ndifanele Ndinikele Ngegazi Lam?

Kufuneka unikele ngegazi lakho ukuba unako. Akukho nto ulahlekelwa yiyo ukuba uyenzile, kwaye unokuba usindisa ubomi bomnye umntu. Igazi lixabisekile kwaye sisipho esingcono kunalo naliphi na ikhandlela elivumba linokubakho. Yinxalenye enkulu yobomi kwaye iyimfuneko. Izazinzulu ngoku zinokusahlula igazi lethu libe ziiseli ezibomvu, iiplatelets kunye neplasma, nto leyo enokusindisa abantu abaninzi. Kukho nobungqina bokuba ukunikela ngegazi kunokuphucula impilo yethu yentliziyo kunye nesibindi.

Lingakanani Igazi Elikhuselekileyo Ukuphulukana nalo?

Ngokubanzi, ungalahlekelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% yegazi lakho kwaye ube nethuba lokusinda. Nje ukuba ulahlekelwe ngaphezulu kwe-40% nangona kunjalo, kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 banokunikela ngokukhuselekileyo nge-1 ipinti yegazi ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye nangona kufuneka ulinde iintsuku ezingama-56 phakathi kokwenza iminikelo, ungayenza kwakhona kwaye kwakhona. Malunga ne-4.5 yezigidi zabantu baseMelika bafuna utofelo-gazi minyaka le kukho umntu ofuna igazi rhoqo ngemizuzwana emibini. Ukunikela ngegazi, kuya kufuneka uphumelele iimvavanyo ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unengxaki ethile yempilo okanye usebenzisa iyeza, usenokungakwazi ukutofela igazi.