Yintoni Umbala Welanga

Cela nawuphi na umntwana ukuba azobe ilanga, kwaye baya kukrola isangqa esityheli. Imifanekiso esezincwadini ikwabonisa i-orb emthubi eqaqambileyo emele ilanga lethu. Ilanga alikho tyheli. Ngenxa yokuba ilanga libaluleke kakhulu, unokulindela ukuba wonke umntu alazi ukuba linjani na umbala walo. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi abakwenzi oko. Isizathu salokhu silula - kuyingozi ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo. Ukukrwaqula kunokubangela umonakalo osisigxina wamehlo. Ukwazi umbala welanga lethu, kufuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni na - inkwenkwezi.

Owona mbala welanga

Ilanga lethu limhlophe. Isizathu sokuba abantu abaninzi bengayiqondi le nto kukuba uninzi lwethu lubona ilanga ukusuka kumphezulu woMhlaba, apho umoya uphazamisana namaza okukhanya kwaye utshintshe umbala esiwubonayo. Ubude obubonakalayo bokukhanya kwelanga bukwamhlophe, kodwa bunokwahlulwa lube ziinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zombala wemibala ngokusebenzisa iprism. Oku kwenzeka kumnyama. Ukukhanya okumhlophe okuvela elangeni kutshintsha umbala ngenxa yokunxibelelana namasuntswana kunye neekhemikhali ezikwiatmosfera yethu zenza kubonakale kubomvu, orenji kunye notyheli.

Ilanga yinkwenkwezi

Oko sikubiza ngokuba lilanga yinkwenkwezi, enye yeebhiliyoni ezininzi kumnyele wethu. Igama lesayensi lesiLatini lelanga yiSol - kodwa uninzi lwemibhalo lulibiza ngokuba liLanga. Amandla akhutshwa lilanga yiwo avumela ukuba kubekho ubomi eMhlabeni. La mandla athabatha kwimo yemitha yelanga esingenakuyibona, njengobushushu, namandla okukhanya esinokuwabona. Nangona ilanga likumgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-92.96 ukusuka eMhlabeni, sifumana ukukhanya okufanelekileyo ukuze ubomi buchume. Ukuba isijikelezi-langa sethu besikufuphi njengeVenus okanye sithe qelele njengoMars, ukukhanya esikufumanayo bekuya kuba kuninzi kakhulu okanye kuncinane ukuxhasa ubomi.

Iinkwenkwezi Ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo

Iinkwenkwezi zifakwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zeenkwenkwezi zibonakala ziyimibala eyahlukileyo ngenxa yento ezenziwe ngayo, ubushushu bazo nobudala bazo. Iinkwenkwezi ezininzi zihlelwa kusetyenziswa oonobumba O, B, A, F, G, K, kunye no-M, ulandelelwano ukusuka kowona ushushu (O) ukuya kowona upholileyo (M). Udidi ngalunye loonobumba lunikwa inani elino-zero olona lishushu kunye nethoba libanda kakhulu. Ilanga lethu yi-G2 kwaye lenziwe ngobuninzi behydrogen. Zezi mpawu ezinika iinkwenkwezi umbala wazo. Ezinye iinkwenkwezi zinamagama achaza umbala wazo; iincinci ezibomvu kunye nezigebenga. Nangona kunjalo, umbala weenkwenkwezi ezininzi unokumiselwa kuphela ngokuzijonga ngezixhobo zenzululwazi ezilinganisa ukukhanya okukhutshiweyo. Imibala yeenkwenkwezi iyahluka ukusuka kumdaka-bomvu, mthubi, omhlophe nobhlowu.

Yintoni Ukukhanya?

Ukukhanya ligama lethu lenxalenye ye-energy spectrum esinokuyibona. Ukukhanya kwenziwa ngeefotoni ezihamba ngesantya sokukhanya (186,282 miles ngomzuzwana) kumgca othe ngqo. Ukukhanya kunokubonakaliswa okanye kuhlanjululwe ukutshintsha indlela ehamba ngayo, enokuthi itshintshe umbala ovelayo. Kukukhanyelwa kokukhanya okusivumela ukuba sibone imibala yomnyama xa umtha wokukhanya omhlophe uhamba kwiprism.

Ungaze Ujonge Ilanga

Kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo eziyimfuneko ekujongeni ilanga. Umthamo wamandla okhutshwa lilanga mkhulu - ulingana ne-3.86 x 1026 watts amandla, kwaye la mandla anokumfamekisa. Amehlo ethu asebenzisa i-lens ukujolisa ukukhanya okubonakaliswa koko sikubonayo kwiretina yethu. Ukuba umntu ebenokujonga ngokuthe ngqo elangeni ukuze azame ukubona umbala walo, le lensi ibiya kugxininisa amandla ize ibangele umonakalo ongunaphakade emehlweni. Ukusebenzisa izibuko zelanga akusayi kunceda, kwaye eneneni, kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiliso kunokuba ungazisebenzisi ngenxa yokuba iglasi emnyama yenza ukuba iris ivule kwaye ivumele ukukhanya okungakumbi emehlweni.

Umkhathi

Ngoko siyazi ukuba ilanga limhlophe. Ukuba besinokubona esithubeni – sisebenzisa iglasi yokucoca okanye izixhobo ukuze singamfameki – bekuya kubonakala kumhlophe qwa. Isizathu sokuba ilanga libonakale likhupha ukukhanya okutyheli eMhlabeni kungenxa yeempembelelo zomoya wethu ojikeleze umhlaba. Umoya ojikeleze umhlaba ubukhulu becala ubunjwe yinitrogen. Xa iLanga liphezulu esibhakabhakeni, amaza amafutshane amandla abetha iimolekyuli zomoya wenitrogen kwiatmosfera engaphezulu aze asasazeke. Oku kwenza isibhakabhaka sibonakale siluhlaza. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwaneleyo kuthe saa kwi-atmosfera yoMhlaba ukuze iLanga libonakale lityheli kancinane.

Ukuphuma kwelanga kunye nokutshona kwelanga

Nangona ilanga libonakala lityheli xa lijongwa kwiatmosfera yethu, lisenokubonakala njengemibala eyahlukileyo. Xa ilanga lisezantsi esibhakabhakeni ekuphumeni kwelanga okanye ekutshoneni kwelanga, lisenokubonakala lityheli, eliorenji okanye libomvu. Oku kungenxa yokuba imibala yobude obufutshane obunobude obuluhlaza (luhlaza, obuzuba, obuzungezi) isasazwe yiatmosfera yoMhlaba. Umaleko oshinyeneyo womoya uthetha kuphela amaza abomvu, omthubi, kunye neeorenji adlula emoyeni aze afike emehlweni ethu.

Kutheni le nto umfanekiso welanga utyheli?

Ngokwenkcubeko, sonke silungiselelwe ukubona ilanga njengesangqa esityheli. Iincwadi zamabali zabantwana, iifilim zenzululwazi, kunye namanqaku avela kwi-NASA abonisa iifoto kunye nemifanekiso yelanga njenge-orb etyheli. Isizathu soku siphindwe kathathu.

1. Ekubeni sibona ukukhanya okuvela elangeni njengokutyheli emhlabeni, silindele ukuba kube tyheli kwimifanekiso. Ukuba ibingekho tyheli, kuya kufuneka ukuba kubekho inkcazo malunga nokuba kutheni ixesha ngalinye - okanye abantu baya kubhideka.
2. Izizathu zokuba ilanga libonakale lityheli kodwa limhlophe ngokwenene zintsonkothile, kwaye ayinguye wonke umntu oya kuqonda ukubhidanisa.
3. Kukulungele ngakumbi ukufaka imibala kwimifanekiso kunye neefoto kwi-hue etyheli ukubonisa iinkcukacha kwaye wenze ilanga ligqame - ngakumbi kwimvelaphi emhlophe kwimizobo,

Ilanga Libonwa Kwezinye Iiplanethi

Ezinye iiplanethi kwisixokelelwano sethu selanga zineemosmos ezahlukeneyo ezineepesenti ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali kuzo. Zezi meko zasekuhlaleni ezithi zitshintshe ukuba ilanga libonakala linjani umbala njengoko libonwa kumphezulu weplanethi.

inqanaba eliphantsi elifunwayo ukukopela

• IMercury yeyona planethi ikufutshane elangeni. Umoya okwiMercury ubhityile unenitrogen encinci kakhulu. Ngoko ke ilanga liya kujonga umbala walo wokwenyani omhlophe.
• IVenus inomoya ongqindilili ukuze ilanga libonakale njengendawo eqaqambileyo yesibhakabhaka. Ukukhanya bekuya kubonakala kutyheli ngenxa yesulfure esemoyeni.
• IMars nayo inomoya omncinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa kukho isaqhwithi sothuli, ilanga liya kubonakala libomvu okanye lipinki.

Ezinye iiplanethi zifumana okuncinane kakhulu kokukhanya kwelanga okanye ziigesi ezinkulu ezingenayo indawo yokubona ukukhanya kwelanga kwindawo yazo engqindilili.

Umbala Welanga Kwezinye Iinkcubeko

Abaculi abavela kwixesha le-Neolithic ukuya kuthi ga namhlanje baye bavakalisa ukumangalisa kwabo ngobuhle belanga kunye namandla ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa. Le mizobo yobugcisa ichaphazela indlela abantu benkcubeko abacinga ngayo ngelanga. Umzekelo, abantwana abaninzi abancinci eJapan babeza kuzoba ilanga elibomvu kunokuba libe tyheli - kuba yindlela ilanga elibonakala ngayo kwiflegi yabo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweenkcubeko zisebenzisa umbala otyheli ukumela ilanga. Uninzi lukwaquka imitha okanye imisebe ephuma elangeni. Asikwazi ukuyibona le mitha, ngamehlo ethu kodwa oku kubonisa indlela abantu abaye baqonda ngayo amawaka eminyaka ukuba amandla ahamba njengokukhanya okuvela elangeni ukuya kuthi emhlabeni.