ITheory of Human Motivation yingcali yengqondo yaseMelika u-Abraham Maslow eyabhalwa ngo-1943, ibe ngumthombo wolwazi ekubhekiselwa kuwo kakhulu ekumiseleni iimfuno zethu. Kwicandelo lezengqondo, eli phepha lichaza uluhlu lweemfuno ezisisiseko ekufuneka zizaliseke ngokulandelelana ukufikelela ekuzifumaneni. Le phiramidi yeemfuno iye yagxekwa ngokungasekelwanga kubungqina benzululwazi kunye nokucwangcisa ngokugqithisileyo. Kwinkalo yesayikholoji, sisixhobo esiluncedo sokumisela ithiyori yenkuthazo yabantu. Uluhlu lweeMfuno lusetyenziswa ngobungcali kwezinye iindawo zokusebenzela ukuthengisa iinkonzo kubathengi.
Yintoni iPiramidi yoLawulo lweeMfuno?
Uluhlu lweemfuno luboniswe ngendlela yephiramidi kunye neemfuno zethu ezisisiseko ziyinxalenye enkulu yeskim. Iqulathe amacandelo amahlanu amisela inkuthazo yethu yokuziphatha kwethu ngolandelelwano oluthile; singakwazi ukuqhubela phambili ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo xa iimfuno ezisuka ezantsi zifezekisiwe.
james bond akukho xesha lokufa umhla wokukhululwa
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Ziziphi Iintswelo Zethu Zokwenyama?
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Emazantsi ephiramidi yoluhlu lweemfuno ziimfuno zethu zomzimba ekufuneka sihlangabezane nazo ukuze siqhubele phambili ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Ezi mfuno zisisiseko kwaye zibalulekile kubomi bethu njengoko ziyimfuneko kuthi ukuze siphile kwaye sisebenze.
Ezi mfuno ziquka:
- Umoya
- Amanzi
- Ukutya
- Phumla
- Impilo
Ziziphi Iimfuno Zethu Zokhuseleko?
Iimfuno zethu zokhuseleko zihlelwa njengemfuno yokusilela. Ezi mfuno zihlangatyezwa kuphela xa sele sonelisile iimfuno zethu zomzimba. Kufuneka sizive sikhuselekile ukuze sizive sikhuselekile kwiindawo esihlala kuzo nakwiindawo esisebenza kuzo. Iingxaki ezinjengobundlavini kunye nezinga eliphezulu lolwaphulo-mthetho kwindawo esihlala kuyo zithatha ukuba sihlangabezane neemfuno zethu zokhuseleko. Xa siziva sikhuselekile ukuba nekhusi, ukhuseleko, kunye nozinzo siye sikhululeke ukuba siqhubele phambili kwinqanaba elilandelayo lophuhliso.
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Ziziphi Iimfuno Zethu Zokuhlalisana?
Emva kokuba sifezekise iimfuno zethu zomzimba nezokhuseleko, sinokujolisa amandla ethu kwiimfuno zethu zentlalo. Ukuziva siyinxalenye yoluntu kusenza sizive sikhuselekile kwaye sanelisekile. Iintsapho zethu zinokuzanelisa ezi mfuno njengoko sifikelela omnye komnye kwaye sihlanganisana rhoqo. Abahlobo banokuba luncedo olukhulu ngexesha lesidingo, kwaye olu ncedo lunokubuyiselwa ukuze kungenelwe omnye komnye.
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Ziziphi iimfuno zethu ze-Ego?
Imifanekiso yeWavebreakmedia / Getty
Iimfuno zethu ze-ego zisesine ngokubaluleka kwiphiramidi yoluhlu lweemfuno kwaye yimfuneko yokunqongophala. Sakuba sifezekise iimfuno zenyama, ukhuseleko, kunye neemfuno zentlalo sinokwanelisa iimfuno zethu ze-ego ukuze sizaliseke. Ezi mfuno zinento yokwenza nokwaneliseka kwethu. Ziquka:
- Ukuzithemba okulungileyo
- Amandla
- Udumo
- Ukuqatshelwa
Ziziphi iiMfuno Zethu zokuZijonga?
Ukuzenza okwenyani kuphezulu kuluhlu lweemfuno zikaMaslow. Abantu abambalwa bafikelela kweli nqanaba kuba kufuna iimpawu ezikhethekileyo emntwini ngaphambi kokuba le mfuno izaliseke. Umntu kufuneka anyaniseke, azimele, aqonde, ajonge, ayile, kwaye aqale. Oku kukhula kusenza sifikelele amandla ethu apheleleyo ngaloo ndlela kusenza siphumelele kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Akunjalo ngenxa yokunqongophala ukuba sinqwenela ukufikelela kweli nqanaba, kodwa kukufuna kwethu ukukhula okusikhokelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lephiramidi.
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Ukungqubuzana malunga ne-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Abanye abantu baphikisa ukuba i-hierarchy ye-Maslow yeemfuno ayiphelelanga kwaye ayichanekanga. Kuxoxwa ukuba iimfuno zentlalo zifana neemfuno ezisisiseko kwinqanaba elisezantsi kuba ngaphandle kokusebenzisana kwabantu asikwazi ukuphila. Ngexesha lophando lwakhe, uMaslow wafunda kuphela abona bafundi basempilweni bekholeji bengahoyanga abantu abanezigulo ukuze bangaphazamisi iziphumo zakhe. Ulandelelwano lweemfuno lunokutshintsha ngenxa yeemeko, kwaye amanqanaba asenokungabinokubaluleka okufanayo kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.
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Uwenyusa njani amanqanaba ephiramidi
Njengoko siqhubela phambili kwi-hierarchy yeemfuno zikaMaslow, siziva ngathi ukuxhalaba kwethu kuncipha. Eli xhala lisishukumisela ukuba sanelise iimfuno zethu ukusuka kumanqanaba okusilela ukuya kwinqanaba lokuzikhulisa. Siqhubela phambili njengoko sihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ukusuka ezantsi kwephiramidi.
Siqala ngokuqinisekisa ukuba sinokutya okwaneleyo, umoya ococekileyo, amanzi kunye nokuphumla okuninzi ukondla imizimba yethu. Zakuba zizalisekile ezi mfuno, siyanyuka ukuze sifumane indawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo, umoya wozinzo nokhuseleko. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuphucula imfuno yethu yokuthandwa ngokuba nentlalontle. Ukuba nentlalontle kusinceda sibe nokuzithemba. Inyathelo lokugqibela lisivumela ukuba sizibonakalise ngokuyilayo kwaye sikhule sifikelele kwisakhono sethu esipheleleyo.
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ingaba imivundla ineempondo
Ngubani uAbraham Maslow?
UAbraham Maslow wazalwa ngowe-1908 eNew York, eNew York, eUnited States. Wafunda isayikholoji kwaye wazisa iithiyori ezintsha ezibandakanya ulawulo lweemfuno zikaMaslow. Uphononongo lwakhe lwe-psychotherapy lugqibe kwelokuba injongo yalo kufuneka ibe kukudityaniswa kwesiqu sakho.
Ufundo lwengqondo yobuntu luzuze kwigalelo lika-Abraham Maslow. Ufunde isayikholoji kwiYunivesithi yaseWisconsin nakwiSikolo esitsha soPhando lwezeNtlalo. Ngo-1937 wasebenza kwiKholeji yaseBrooklyn ngaphambi kokuba abe yintloko yesebe lezengqondo kwiYunivesithi yaseBrandeis. Wafa ngowe-1970 eneminyaka engama-62 ubudala.
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Iingcaphuno ezivela kuAbraham Maslow
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U-Abraham Maslow wayenokuninzi ukuthetha malunga nokuzibonakalisa kunye nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kuthi ukuba asiphumeleli ekufezekiseni le mfuno. Uthe:
- Yintoni umntu anokuba yiyo, kufuneka abe yiyo. Le mfuno siyibiza ngokuba kukuzenzela.
- Into efunekayo ukutshintsha umntu kukutshintsha ukuzazi kwakhe.
- Ukuba uceba ukuba nantoni na engaphantsi kunokuba ukwazi ukuba yiyo, mhlawumbi uya kuba ungonwabi yonke imihla yobomi bakho.
- Ibali lohlanga loluntu libali lamadoda nabafazi abazithengisa ngokufutshane.